Abstract
The emergence of a self-identified and transnational anarchist movement in the second half of the nineteenth century can be understood as both the manifestation of a philosophical humanitarian ideal and a reaction against those institutions that impeded an egalitarian society, such as authoritarian governments and laws, monarchies, religions of social control, and the societal inequalities fomented by capitalism. US-based Spanish-language anarchist periodicals promoted this movement while maintaining a remarkably cohesive and continuous transnational print network and readership. These periodicals also challenged social and economic inequalities in the United States and abroad through direct action. Despite the patriarchal privilege of the times, anarchist periodicals compel us to emphasize the importance of researching collectives and organizations beyond biographical, gender, ethnic, or national approaches so that we do not exclude cooperative practices from the recovery effort, particularly when unknown or unnamed participants formed the basis of their existence.