Abstract
Problem Identification:When a newborn weighs below 2,500 grams, they have a 20-fold increased risk of mortality, neurodevelopmental disorders, and adult-onset non-communicable diseases. In the United States, Black newborns are 2.6 times more likely to be born low birthweight compared to their White counterparts. The low birthweight rate for Black newborns in Sacramento County is almost double the overall county and state average.
Analysis:The Social Ecological Model will analyze intrapersonal, interpersonal, structural, and institutional determinants, providing a multifaceted perspective. This analysis will highlight various factors, such as chronic perinatal stress, risky prenatal behavior, and maternal malnutrition, that contribute to the incidence of low birthweight among Black newborns in the 95823-zip code.
Intervention Proposal:
Using a theory-informed approach, the program will focus on Black pregnant women within the 95823-zip code to enhance their knowledge of the benefits and self-efficacy of stress-reducing prenatal care practices while improving access to care and fresh foods. Program workshops emphasize managing stress during pregnancy through a balanced diet, yoga, creative expression, and empowerment practices to reduce the incidence of low birthweight.
Implementation and Evaluation:The program will establish a multidisciplinary team across multiple institutions. An advisory board will oversee staff preparation, content quality, program delivery, and participant contact within process evaluation. A quasi-experimental research design will be employed to compare the control and comparison group data. Participants and staff will receive pre-tests, post-tests, and surveys to evaluate program goals and objectives. Eligibility will be verified among participants and the comparison group per the program protocol.