Abstract
As technology advances, multimedia applications increase exponentially in day-to-day life. Multimedia applications such as video telephony, video conferencing, TV, streaming video/audio online, and many other applications are in demand in video industry. These applications usually require high bandwidth, large storage, and high latency time to send on network. To conserve resources, it is required to compress the video data before sending them to the network by sender side. It is also required to decompress the video data at receiver end before broadcasting. Many different video codec standards such as H.261, MPEG-1, MPEG-2, H.263, and H.264 are implemented. H.264 is latest international video codec standard. This protocol was developed jointly by International Telecommunication Union – Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The objective of this project is to explore different blocks of H.264 in MATLAB environment. This project first briefly describes about encoding and decoding process, and then it discusses more details about different modules of encoder and decoder, and the related algorithms. Finally, it compares the result of different algorithms based on compression ratio, peak signal to noise ratio, time required for encoding process, and storage. A video file is given as input to encoder, the video file is converted to a number of frames using video codec, and fixed size macro block is defined in each frame for encoding process. Motion search algorithm finds motion vector after macro block definition, then compensated image is generated based on reference frame and motion vector by video codec. Redundancy is removed from current frame by subtracting compensated image. Compression of residual information is performed using transformation, quantization, and entropy coder. Compressed data are given as inputs to decoder, and decoder process the image to reconstruct image. To enhance image quality and reduce blocking artifact, the image frame is passed through filter. The project is completed successfully by reconstructing video with reasonable quality.