Abstract
Reproduction of historical artifacts has been done using plaster cast molds and resin. Plaster casting is limited to certain types of artifacts. Fragile or organic artifacts can be damaged or destroyed in the mold-making process. This research is an exploration of novel methods utilizing 3D laser scanning, 3D printing, and other manufacturing techniques with the goal of creating authentic 3D replicas of a broad range of historical artifacts using environmentally friendly, nontoxic plastics, and materials. The process involves scanning the original artifact and creating a 3D digital model. This becomes a physical object by 3D printing, which then undergoes post-processing to give it a more authentic weight or appearance. Results show that this method can create authentic replicas having virtually identical physical features and weight to the originals.
This has many advantages over plaster casting. Virtually all historical artifacts can be replicated using this method regardless of material composition or fragility. Due to the creation of a digital 3D model of the artifact, it is possible to contribute to the growing database of digital historical artifacts. The digital model can also be used as a backup to create additional replicas if the original replicas are damaged/lost. Creating teaching materials for training future archaeologists and educating the public is also possible. Achieving authentic color/optics still requires more study as it is highly dependent on material used for printing. I believe the wider application of this method will be a boon to the preservation of material culture.